Recovery After Breast Reduction Surgery
Large breasts can lead to back, neck and shoulder pain, posture problems, irritation and rashes under the breasts, and restricted movement in sport and daily life. Breast reduction surgery can help relieve these complaints and bring the breasts to a size more in proportion with the body. For the timing of the operation, you can read our article When Should Breast Reduction Surgery Be Performed?; this article describes the period after surgery.
How Is the Operation Performed, in Brief?
Breast reduction surgery is planned individually. The doctor assesses the volume of the breasts, the degree of sagging and the person's expectations, and decides on the appropriate technique. The operation is performed under general anaesthesia and usually takes 2–4 hours.
- Inverted T incision: Often used for large breasts with marked sagging. The scar starts around the nipple, runs down vertically to the fold under the breast and continues along the fold.
- Vertical (lollipop) incision: May be preferred for moderate breast volume; the scar is more limited.
- Tissue removal: Excess skin, breast tissue and fatty tissue are removed in measured amounts and the breast is reshaped. The amount to be removed is determined in the assessment before surgery.
- Repositioning the nipple: The nipple is moved to a higher, symmetrical position. If necessary, conditions such as inverted nipples can also be addressed at the same time.
Before the operation, general health is assessed with blood tests and other necessary tests, and the medicines being taken are reviewed. Blood-thinning medicines may be stopped before the operation on the doctor's recommendation.
The First Days
After the operation, the patient usually stays in hospital for one night; the doctor decides when she can be discharged. Pressure, tightness and mild pain in the chest area are normal in the first days; pain is controlled with the medicines recommended by the doctor. Drains are often not used; when they are, they are usually removed within a short time.
Dressings are done as recommended by the doctor, and the wound area is kept clean and dry. Your doctor will decide when you can take your first shower; this is usually allowed a few days after the operation. You should not sleep on your front in the first weeks; sleeping on your back in a slightly raised position supported by pillows is recommended.
The First Weeks and Months
Swelling may be seen for about a month after discharge. Most people can largely return to daily life about one week after the operation. Heavy lifting and physically demanding work should be avoided for the first two weeks. It is recommended to wait about two weeks before long walks and at least one month before intensive sport such as running and fitness; your doctor will decide when you can return to weight training and exercises that strain the chest muscles.
In the first months, the scars may look pink and noticeable; over time they fade and come closer to the skin tone. As the swelling goes down, the new shape of the breasts becomes clearer. Reduced sensation in the nipple and breast skin is common and mostly improves within months; however, in some people it can be permanent. Occasional burning, stinging or mild aching for up to six months is normal.
What to Pay Attention To
Your habits after the operation affect the course of recovery. The main recommendations are:
- Wear the support bra recommended by your doctor regularly for the recommended period; the support bra helps maintain the new shape of the breast.
- In the first weeks, avoid raising your arms with sudden movements and carrying heavy bags or objects.
- Protect the wound area from moisture and friction, and do not neglect your dressings.
- Do not smoke before or after the operation, as smoking has a negative effect on circulation and on the oxygen supply to the tissues.
- Protect your scars from the sun; sun exposure can darken the scars.
- Do not miss your check-ups.
Products such as silicone gel or creams can be used for scar care according to the doctor's recommendation. If the doctor considers it necessary, scar treatment methods can also be considered.
If your pain increases markedly, or if you notice fever, or increasing redness, swelling or discharge in the breast, you should contact your doctor without delay.
Risks
Like any surgical procedure, breast reduction carries risks: these include bleeding, a collection of blood (haematoma), infection, wound healing problems, changes in sensation in the nipple and breast skin, scarring and some asymmetry. Firm areas due to fat necrosis can develop in the breast; if you notice a new firm area in your breast, you should consult your doctor. The scars do not disappear completely; red scars usually fade within about a year and become less noticeable.
Breastfeeding may be possible after breast reduction; however, milk production may be reduced or breastfeeding may not be possible. If you are planning a pregnancy, you should discuss this with your doctor before the operation.
How Long the Results Last
The results of breast reduction are long-lasting; however, how well the result is maintained varies from person to person depending on age, skin structure, pregnancy and weight changes. Maintaining your weight and following your doctor's recommendations help preserve the result.
Author: Op. Dr. Yücel Sarıaltın